WEBVTT 00:02.300 --> 00:06.950 Hello and welcome back to our costs on the session we are going a bit deeper into the most important 00:06.950 --> 00:10.250 modes and functionalities of tubular notebooks. 00:10.250 --> 00:16.520 Also we will have a look at the most frequently used keyboard shortcuts that makes actually our life 00:16.550 --> 00:17.960 easier and more efficient. 00:17.960 --> 00:23.820 However as with all new things them the best and fastest way to get the familiar and comfortable stupid 00:23.870 --> 00:27.910 notebooks is of course by practice and coding on your own. 00:27.950 --> 00:33.340 You will see after a few hours of working with stupider that it's getting more and more intuitive. 00:33.380 --> 00:37.820 All right so nevertheless I want to give you some good hands and head for the start. 00:37.820 --> 00:41.690 So let's open a Jupiter notebook with the navigator 01:02.230 --> 01:09.760 and we want to create a brand new Jupiter notebook and we could call it test to 01:13.420 --> 01:15.280 and let's start with an easy code. 01:15.280 --> 01:21.440 So let's calculate one plus one and we run the so by pressing shift. 01:21.450 --> 01:23.450 And so now we are on the next line. 01:24.210 --> 01:33.190 And here we could calculate the four plus four and also execute the cell by pressing shift enter and 01:33.190 --> 01:39.360 in the last session I said that when we are here in this cell we can see here that the setting is the 01:39.580 --> 01:39.930 code. 01:39.930 --> 01:47.430 So if we stop writing we are actually writing Python code and we can change this to mark down. 01:47.470 --> 01:51.430 So now the setting is marked down and this is simply a text editor. 01:51.430 --> 01:58.040 So if you now stop writing here and run the cell we are getting a text actually. 01:58.210 --> 02:02.360 And now beyond in your cell and you can see it by default the setting is to code. 02:02.360 --> 02:08.960 But we can of course changed again to mark down and what we can also do we can make it I could kill 02:08.960 --> 02:17.120 a heading so by starting a line with them the hash key and a space and then row by writing a text we 02:17.120 --> 02:18.740 can create a header with them. 02:18.740 --> 02:19.070 Yeah. 02:19.070 --> 02:20.410 Lots of fun size. 02:20.510 --> 02:25.640 So let's run here and that's maybe let's name here. 02:25.940 --> 02:35.090 Oh I had a calculator and then now in the next slide we want to create a sub header and that's called 02:35.090 --> 02:37.310 the subheading let's say edition 02:39.960 --> 02:48.950 first of all we have to make the setting to mark down and then we press hash key and make a space. 02:48.950 --> 02:51.100 So now we have the same hierarchy. 02:51.110 --> 02:58.700 So the font size is identical and if we add here another hash clear the font size is getting smaller. 02:58.730 --> 03:01.760 So this could be a lower hierarchical heading. 03:01.760 --> 03:05.210 And by adding more and more hash keys it's getting smaller. 03:05.960 --> 03:13.540 So let's take two hash keys and run the server and now we can also move our heading to the top of our 03:13.600 --> 03:20.330 put a notebook by pressing here move selected s up so we can move it here up. 03:20.350 --> 03:29.180 Also the addition Jupiter notebook has two modes so that's the added mode and the command mode and the 03:29.180 --> 03:31.700 edit mode as indicated by a green cell board. 03:31.730 --> 03:37.650 So if we go into the cell here we click into the center then we see here a green salad border. 03:37.970 --> 03:40.030 And when I say is in the edit mode. 03:40.100 --> 03:45.010 Yeah we can type into the cell and type our Python code our text. 03:45.050 --> 03:53.570 So here we can change from one plus one to one plus twelve let's say and then we can run the cell and 03:53.570 --> 03:54.280 we get 13. 03:54.280 --> 04:00.860 So we changed the content of the cell in the edit mode and the second mode the command mode as indicated 04:00.860 --> 04:09.180 by a grace cell border and the bluer margin here and when we are in a command mode we are able to edit 04:09.240 --> 04:13.410 the notebook as a whole but we cannot type in to the individual cell. 04:13.830 --> 04:21.510 So for example in command mode we can add and delete cells and they make more changes to the whole notebook 04:22.100 --> 04:25.790 and there are two ways from switching from the command mode to the edit mode. 04:25.800 --> 04:34.390 So either you go with our mouse cars or into the cell so we can see changes from blue to green and then 04:34.390 --> 04:37.350 we can go back to command mode by clicking here. 04:37.360 --> 04:44.570 Outside the cell so you can see here we are blue again in the command mode and there are also keyboard 04:44.570 --> 04:46.300 shortcuts for it. 04:46.400 --> 04:52.590 So we are now in the command mode and if we click enter we are getting to the edit mode. 04:52.610 --> 04:58.420 And when we are in the edit mode and press the escape key then we are coming back to the command mode. 04:58.460 --> 05:00.170 So what can we do in the command mode. 05:00.170 --> 05:10.070 For example we can add a cell above our cell so we can now press the key a for inserting a cell above. 05:10.430 --> 05:12.790 And now here we have inserted a cell above. 05:13.020 --> 05:14.630 And let's go back to our cell here. 05:14.630 --> 05:16.880 So now we are in edit mode. 05:16.940 --> 05:25.020 We press escaped to go to the command mode and then we press and the big key to insert a cell below. 05:25.410 --> 05:31.170 You can see we have now inserted a cell below and let us go down to our nonsense cell here and there 05:31.220 --> 05:40.580 we can delete Assad by pressing DTA so WTA now we have deleted the cell and they are also keyboard shortcuts 05:40.610 --> 05:46.260 to change the settings so now here by default we have the code setting. 05:46.580 --> 05:50.950 And now we can change from the setting to mark down by pressing in the command mode. 05:50.960 --> 05:54.650 Key M. There you can see. 05:54.720 --> 05:54.880 Yeah. 05:54.900 --> 06:03.090 Now change to mark down and we can change it back to code by pressing the wiki so we can see. 06:03.090 --> 06:09.270 Now we are back to code and there are many more shortcuts and we can have a look and also modify the 06:09.270 --> 06:13.370 shortcuts by going here to help and edit keyboard shortcuts. 06:14.490 --> 06:22.980 And there can see many shortcuts so cell and select the next cell shift and run the cell and staying 06:22.980 --> 06:28.920 in the cells control enter and run cell and insert a cell below us and end. 06:29.040 --> 06:37.420 So we already learned that then here enter the edit mode by pressing into. 06:37.500 --> 06:44.640 So again all these shortcuts only work if we are in the command mode not in the edit mode and what we 06:44.640 --> 06:52.920 also have here instead cell above a and insert cell below B and change the cell to code to some the 06:52.920 --> 06:57.270 wiki and change cell to mark down as the MP. 06:57.300 --> 07:03.290 And now there are many more shortcuts and it's a little bit a matter of taste if and which shortcuts 07:03.340 --> 07:05.050 you want to use actually. 07:05.100 --> 07:06.960 So it's completely up to you. 07:07.770 --> 07:09.280 So sometimes that's helpful. 07:09.300 --> 07:18.330 And in my opinion sometimes not all right and what I also want to show you we can actually star a value 07:18.360 --> 07:22.660 let's say five into a variable let's say. 07:22.670 --> 07:24.850 So a equals five. 07:25.220 --> 07:28.260 And we can actually execute a cell with a. 07:28.260 --> 07:30.780 So this is called printing. 07:30.780 --> 07:34.550 And now we get five cos Python knows a is five. 07:35.190 --> 07:41.670 And what we can do now we can change our calculations above and say OK I want to calculate a one plus 07:41.700 --> 07:51.050 a so and this gives us six and also for example here I want to calculate for plus a guess nine. 07:51.550 --> 07:56.620 Yeah maybe I want to change here to two plus a gives us seven. 07:56.860 --> 08:01.220 This is actually the good thing about took it out notebooks and what makes that Jupiter notebook so 08:01.220 --> 08:06.590 comfortable and easy to use that actually each cell is running independently from other cells. 08:06.620 --> 08:09.790 And now we can switch here from side to side run this. 08:09.800 --> 08:17.260 Uh let's uh and then go back to to our previous cell and we can see here on the left. 08:17.360 --> 08:17.630 Yeah. 08:17.640 --> 08:20.790 The sequence how we have run ourselves. 08:20.980 --> 08:28.860 So I actually owe this cell as your line for when we executed line five then line seven and then line 08:28.920 --> 08:29.440 eight. 08:29.520 --> 08:35.630 And for example let's make here something which Python cannot verify or place and do not know what to 08:35.630 --> 08:36.450 to do with it. 08:36.450 --> 08:41.170 So let's say to plus times three. 08:41.350 --> 08:43.030 So this is not defined in Python. 08:43.060 --> 08:49.210 And whenever we do something which is not not defined in Python then Python drops as an error message 08:50.610 --> 08:56.040 Yeah and give you can see the comfortable thing about two of the notebooks that we get an error message 08:56.040 --> 08:59.690 for only the cell which has code that is not defined. 08:59.700 --> 09:06.210 So this does however not impact the other side so all the other cells are still work and still show 09:06.210 --> 09:07.740 an output here. 09:07.740 --> 09:09.660 And this is in particular for beginners. 09:09.660 --> 09:16.380 Very convenient SSD encourages you to code by trial and error and you do not have to take care about 09:16.560 --> 09:22.200 making errors actually because you only get an error message for the particular cell and you can quickly 09:22.230 --> 09:24.720 edit your cell and change your error. 09:24.960 --> 09:28.410 So now here we know that the two plus times three does not work. 09:28.410 --> 09:32.850 So we can modify here and now we have changed it. 09:33.050 --> 09:41.290 And now let's assume we want to change a so a is not five but let's say seven then we see yes of the 09:41.290 --> 09:44.820 latest cell that was executed as the line eleven. 09:44.950 --> 09:46.410 And here we can see in line 8. 09:46.420 --> 09:49.670 So the output has not changed even if he changed. 09:49.780 --> 09:52.870 Line eleven where we defined equals seven. 09:52.900 --> 09:55.690 So in line eight where we calculate two plus a. 09:55.720 --> 10:00.630 This is still seven because before a was five and line eleven. 10:00.640 --> 10:05.680 So the reassignment of a was better than our line eight here. 10:05.770 --> 10:11.350 And now if you want to update your output to our new a we have to run the cell again. 10:11.350 --> 10:18.410 So now it's nine and we can see that the cell was executed after the new assignment of a slow. 10:18.470 --> 10:21.990 Now line twelve should already contain them the new A. 10:22.690 --> 10:27.520 So this is a very good thing about two billion notebooks so you can switch here from line to line and 10:27.520 --> 10:31.690 you can make errors and you can modify your arrows so no problem at all. 10:31.900 --> 10:38.920 However in the end it definitely makes sense to actually rearrange your code in sequence and that makes 10:38.920 --> 10:39.940 sense actually. 10:39.940 --> 10:45.400 So now we should put here the assignment of a to the very top of our code. 10:45.400 --> 10:50.160 So a seven and let's say we rewrite it again. 10:50.310 --> 10:57.290 And also here the printing of a we can move up. 10:57.970 --> 11:00.470 Then we rerun it. 11:00.700 --> 11:05.120 Now we can also rerun all the other cells on our two plus A's nine. 11:05.170 --> 11:12.850 We can delete the cell here for plus a short then B eleven and two plus three is still five. 11:12.850 --> 11:19.770 So now you can see here we have a sequence from top to bottom at the end it always makes sense to to 11:19.790 --> 11:25.880 rearrange for sequence then and that men are actually in what we can also do here by clicking to Kana 11:26.010 --> 11:32.310 then we can either restart the app to say Python or the pacing kernel and clear all output. 11:32.370 --> 11:36.210 So if you do that you can see here. 11:36.210 --> 11:37.490 So there is no output. 11:37.500 --> 11:43.690 We have still the code in our lines but the code is not executed and now we can execute our understanding 11:43.720 --> 11:49.240 here in a sequence that shift into. 11:49.270 --> 11:56.180 So now we have again the sequence on 1 2 5 and what we can also do we can do this in one step so we 11:56.180 --> 12:03.020 can clear our output and run the sets again beginning from line 1 by pressing a restart and run or 12:06.330 --> 12:11.570 so restarting the kernel and running it again makes definitely sense from time to time so if you have 12:11.570 --> 12:15.800 a very complex project with many lines in your stupid notebook. 12:15.800 --> 12:22.190 So at some point in time it makes sense to rearrange the sequence and then restart your code again. 12:22.340 --> 12:26.330 So sometimes the idea is a mistake or something that which doesn't work. 12:26.330 --> 12:32.490 And you actually do not know why it's not working and then it definitely makes sense to restart here. 12:32.510 --> 12:40.460 All right so let's save our notebook and let's close on the notebook here and we also shot our notebook 12:40.460 --> 12:41.680 down. 12:41.980 --> 12:45.020 Now that's one last thing I want to show you. 12:45.110 --> 12:47.570 So let's go back to our test to notebook 12:50.820 --> 12:56.930 so before we shut down here the notebook and now we open that again and we can still see here the output. 12:57.000 --> 13:03.510 However our notebook behaves like the SATs have never been run so our variable a is we are actually 13:03.510 --> 13:13.050 not start in Python and then we can try it by typing the three plus A's so we would expect 10 and we 13:13.050 --> 13:14.400 get an error message. 13:14.430 --> 13:15.720 Name a is not defined. 13:15.720 --> 13:22.390 So whenever we open my close notebook so all of the variables some other things then they are not start. 13:22.440 --> 13:31.960 So whenever we open a notebook again we have to go to kernel and restart and run all cells here. 13:32.010 --> 13:37.560 Now we can see we have a sequence from 1 2 6 and here three plus eight works and alternatively if we 13:37.560 --> 13:45.050 open the notebook we can run our cells here with just I'm going to stand here and say run all. 13:45.690 --> 13:52.560 So here we do not have a sequence from 1 2 to 6 but still we have run all sets them from the top to 13:52.560 --> 13:53.380 the bottom. 13:53.430 --> 13:57.960 So now we are finished with our installation and triple the notebook basics and I hope you enjoyed it 13:57.960 --> 14:00.300 and the see you in the next session by.